茶花无性繁殖实践经验小结

通过对茶花进行插穗、插叶芽、嫁接幼芽、大树嫁接换冠四种无性繁殖试验,扦插繁殖成苗率分别为80.8%、48.1%,嫁接繁殖成活率分别为85.3%、90%,表明叶芽繁殖不易控制,成苗率较低;大树嫁接换冠繁殖的成活率较高;嫁接繁殖比扦插更具优势。     

生物入侵对生物多样性的影响

外来生物入侵是生境破坏之后严重影响生物多样性的第二大威胁因素。介绍了国内外对生物入侵的研究现状；生物入侵的途径以及入侵成功的原因分析。虽然历史上有不少外来生物曾经为人类造福，然而外来生物入侵给人类和环境造成了巨大的损失。据此提出了减少外来物种入侵威胁的建议。     

红叶石楠组培苗瓶外生根技术研究

以苗龄为40 d的红叶石楠组培继代芽苗为瓶外生根试验材料,采用多因素正交试验设计研究不同栽培基质、不同激素、不同激素浓度处理及处理时间对红叶石楠继代芽苗瓶外生根诱导的影响,继代芽苗扦插前的不同炼苗方式及扦插后施肥方式对芽苗瓶外生根率的影响。结果表明:A3B1C3D2组合(珍珠岩、生根粉ABT 200 mg.L-1浸泡处理30 min)获得59%瓶外生根率,而A3B1C1D2(珍珠岩、ABT 50 mg.L-1浸泡处理30 min)为最理想的组合;芽苗在自然散射光下炼苗15~20 d,生根率可提高到81%;栽后适时追施营养液有利于芽苗的高生长。继代芽苗瓶外生根技术的应用减少组培苗培养工序,促进红叶石楠的组培快繁效率,降低组培苗的生产成本。     

板栗秋末嫁接时的适宜气温

用当年育秧移栽的实生苗为砧木，在１０月３日～１３日进行就地单芽嫁接．嫁接的气温２８～１８℃之同．当年１２月３０日检查，接口愈合且接芽饱满的达９６％，第２年５月２０日检查，抽芽率８８．２％．     

樟子松成熟胚的离体培养与不定芽的形成

沙藏45d的樟子松种子,剥胚培养在5个系列17种培养基上.在6BA0.2～2.0(mg/L,单位下同)+NAA0.05～0.5以及6BA1.0+IAA0.2～0.5的激素配比范围内,可诱导胚形成不定芽.KT与NAA或IAA配合时无不定芽形成.不定芽分化部位明显受激素种类控制,6BA与NAA配合可诱导胚轴分化出不定芽,而6BA与IAA配合,则可从子叶顶端和基部诱导出不定芽。     

木本能源植物文冠果的表型多样性研究

以文冠果为研究对象,调查了14个分布区文冠果的15个表型性状,利用变异系数和巢式方差分析研究了分布区间和分布区内的变异情况;应用相关分析揭示了表型性状间及其与地理因子间的关系;运用聚类分析进行了分布区分类.结果表明,文冠果分布区内的变异大于分布区间的变异,分布区间的分化相对较小;出种数随经度的增大而减少,果宽随纬度的增大而增大,但随年平均气温的增大而减小,而其它13个性状随地理位置的改变没有特别明显的变化;表型性状的欧式距离与地理距离相关不显著.     

平欧杂种榛主栽品种需冷量、需热量研究

[目的]揭示平欧杂种榛主栽品种的需冷量和需热量,更好地指导生产做好区域化栽培。[方法]本研究以16个平欧杂种榛主栽品种的1年生枝条为试材,以野生平榛1年生枝条为对照,通过水培观察的方法,首次对平欧杂种榛的雌、雄花序和叶芽进行需冷量和需热量研究。[结果]表明:平欧杂种榛不同器官的需冷量由低到高依次为雄花序336 1 176 h、雌花序504 1 344 h、叶芽672 1 512 h;需热量由低到高依次为雄花序687.0 998.5GDH℃、雌花序998.5 3 496.1 GDH℃、叶芽2 546.5 4 180.3 GDH℃;不同品种、器官在刚满足最低蓄冷要求时需热量最高,随着蓄冷时间的延长,需热量逐渐减少。[结论]首次报道了平欧杂种榛主栽品种雄、雌花序和叶芽的需冷量和需热量数据,其中,达维、平欧48号等品种花器官需冷量较低,辽榛2号、平欧545号等品种花器官需冷量较高;玉坠、平欧69号等品种花器官需热量较低,辽榛1号、辽榛4号等品种花器官需热量较高,上述研究丰富了榛属植物开花和休眠解除方面的数据,可为平欧杂种榛的引种和栽培提供参考。     

雷竹鞭侧芽发育过程中核酸含量,过氧化物酶和淀粉酶同工酶的变化

雷竹鞭侧芽从潜伏芽、饱满芽发育为萌发芽、强萌发芽，核酸含量有规律地显著上升，潜伏芽与饱满芽过氧化物酶的活性和变化有相同的规律，总体活性较强，笋期后活性急剧上升，而和萌发芽、强萌发芽有显著差异；不同类型侧芽，过氧化物酶和淀粉酶同工酶明显不同，存在遗传信息顺序表达的规律，这种表达是内外环境相互作用的结果；从核酸含量、过氧化物酶的活性及其同工酶和淀粉同工酶变化看，从潜伏芽、饱满芽到（强）萌发芽，从萌发芽萌发到笋是两个较为独立的变化过程。     

Genetic variation ofAlnus trabeculosa populations in Japan

Alnus trabeculosa Hand.-Mazz. is classed as “near threatened,” and efforts should be made to conserve the species, but effective action would require understanding of its genetic variation and structure. Therefore, the genetic variation at 12 isozyme loci was examined in seven populations of the species in Japan. The expected heterozygosity within species (H _es=0.222) and the expected heterozygosity within populations (H _ep=0.199) were found to be slightly higher than in most other woody species. The coefficient of genetic differentiation (G _ST=0.146) was also high. The northernmost population had the lowest values for almost all measures of genetic variation, and populations in southern Japan tended to show greater within-population variation than those in northern Japan. The level and distribution of genetic variation in this species might be related to its life history and ecological traits, and distribution history.     

Early height development and species stratification across five climax series in the eastern Washington Cascade range

Reconstruction in twenty single-cohort stands across five climax series on the eastern slope of the Washington Cascade Range found a variety of species combinations and development patterns. Western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud) were found to be very competitive species that usually occupied a dominant position in stands in the Abies grandis, Abies lasiocarpa, and Tsuga mertensiana climax series. Interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Mirb.) Franco) was found in all five climax series and, although its height growth was less than that of western larch or the lodgepole pine, it was usually found in the upper stratum. These results suggest that site classification based on climax potential should be used cautiously when applied to young stand management decisions regarding seral species. For example, the difference between an Abies grandis, and a Tsuga mertensiana climax series is quite large in terms of potential productivity but in either case western larch, if present, will likely dominate these stands.